This style was called pizza marinara (fisherman’s wife pizza), so named because it was traditionally prepared by a seaman’s wife upon his return from a fishing trip. Later that century, after their introduction from the New World, tomatoes would top the pizza. From at least the early 1500s, small round flatbreads topped with herbs and oil, referred to as pizza, were a popular street food in Naples. In Pellegrino Artusi’s famed 1890s cookbook La Scienza in Cucina e l’Arte di Mangiar Bene ( Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well) there are three recipes for pizza, all of them sweet. Until the 19 th century, the word was used to refer to any round-shaped breads and desserts, like “ pizza di Pasqua” (panettone-shaped cheesy Easter bread) and “ pizza dolce teramana” (a round, layered sponge cake traditional in Abruzzo). The Romans called these ash cakes, panus focus, which evolved into the Italian word, focaccia.Įven the word pizza is older than our concept of modern pizza. From archeological remains, we know that they made a sort of thick dough from ground grains, which was baked beneath hot ashes and then topped with seasoned oils, herbs, and other available ingredients. Modern pizza can be traced to Naples in the early 19 th century, its story really dates to the flatbreads of the ancient Etruscans who settled in Italy in the 8 th Century BC. To teach, promote, and preserve this culinary cultural treasure, in 1984 the VPN, Verace Pizza Napoletana, True Neapolitan Pizza Association was founded. In 2017 the art of Neapolitan pizza-making was honored with UNESCO’s “intangible cultural heritage” status. In the culinary world, it is so important that in 2010 Neapolitan pizza got the designation of STG, Specialità Tradizionale Garantita. Its most basic variety, Pizza Margherita, created in Naples, is made with just a few quality ingredients: naturally leavened dough, stretched and spun into a circle, topped with San Marzano tomatoes, buffalo mozzarella, a drizzle of extra virgin olive oil, and baked in a wood-burning dome-shaped oven. Pizza is surely one of the most beloved, best known, and most wide-spread Italian culinary creations.
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